The shoots of Ribes bibersteinii were collected from one of the natural habitats,i.e, Damash - Roodbar highlands. Essential oils were extracted by water distillation after scientific name confirmation. The oil yield was 0.038 %. The essential oils were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. 14 compounds were identified that the major volatiles were Hexadecanoic acid (56.35%), Tetradecanoic acid (10.47%), Dodecanoic acid (5.68%) and Beta-Ionone (5.30%).

Background: Medicinal plants contain plant materials such as leaf, root, flower and seed using for producing drugs. Essential oils and extracts of various species of edible and medicinal plants, herbs, and spices constitute of very potent natural biologically active agents. Allium jesdianum Boiss and Dorema aucheri Boiss are an important and endangered medicinal plants that main habitats are located in the Zagros Mountains of Iran. Allium jesdianum (Alliaceae family) and Dorema aucheri belongs to Umbelliferae family were collected at summer 2020 from Yasouj in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-ahmad province during to fruiting stage. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate composition of essential oil of Allium Jesdianum and Dorema aucheri from Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-ahmad province in south west of Iran.Methods: The essential oils of Allium jesdianum and Dorema aucheri were obtained by hydro distillation using a Clevenger type apparatus and in Dorema aucheri was extracted by n-hexane and were analyzed by GC/MS.Results: (E)-Caryophyllene (14.63%), γ-Cadinene (8.58%), Hexadecanoic acid (6.11%), Caryophyllene oxide (5.15%), (E,E)-α-Farnesene (4.05%), Z-Phytol (3.22%), δ-Cadinene (3.18%), Camphor (3.04%) and γ-Eudesmol (2.92%) were the most components of Dorema aucheri, whereas Hexadecanoic acid (18.34%%), Neral (Z-Citral) (13.74%), Dimethyl trisulfide (12.15%), Caryophyllene oxide (8.05%), Gereninal (E-Citral) (5.25%), Borneol (3.31%), Trans-propenyl propyl disulfide (3.17%), Geranyl acetate (2.74%), and β-Caryophyllene (2.65%) were the most constituents in Allium jesdianum oil, respectively.Conclusion: Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad has good ethnobotanical potential for medicinal plants. This study is the first contribution to the ethnobotany of this region. We have gathered from this province some considerable knowledge about local medicinal plants such as Allium jesdianum and Dorema aucheri for treating common health problem that is ready to be further investigated in the laboratory.

Background: Allium jesdianum Boiss. belongs to Liliaceae family, which grows widly in west and northwest of Iran and has nutritive and medicine uses in the regions.Objective: Identification of chemical composition and antibacterial activity of the essential oil and different extracts of Allium jesdianum.Methods: The aerial parts were collected in flowering stage. The essentail oil from aerial parts, which was obtained by Hydrodistillation, was subjected to GC and GC/MS. The antibacterial effects of essential oil and aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic extracts of Allium jesdianum were studied by digging hole and measuring diameter of grows inhibiting ring and Gentamicine antibiotic was used for comparison.Results: The yield of essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from dried plant material was 0.1% w/w. The major components were found to be: Trisulfide dimethyl (22.34%), Hexadecanoic acid (19.03%), Phytol (12.82%), Disulfide methyl-1-(methylthio) ethyl (9.25%), Pentacosane (8.03%), Curzerene (7.62%). The study of antibacterial activity showed that the ethanolic extracts have stronger antibacterial effects compared with essential oil and other extracts.Discussion: In conclusion, the data reported in our study showed that the sulfide compounds represented the most abundant compounds as the other Allium species. The antibacterial activity of oil and extracts of A. jesdianum can be attributed of sulfide and terpenoides compounds.

Rosemary plant extract as a natural anti-oxidant is 4 times stronger than synthetic anti-oxidant like BHT and BHA. For this reason, it has been under attention not only for its anti-oxidant properties rather for its anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, and anti-virus properties in different studies. This research investigates the effects of temperature, time, pH, and substance concentration in the labeling of irradiated rosmarinic acid by radioisotope gallium-67 as a high-resolution imaging agent for SPECT imaging. In this study, gamma irradiated rosmarinic acid nanoparticles at 20 kGy and 30 kGy levels in two concentrations of 0.5 and 1% were radiolabeled by gallium-67 radioisotope produced in Karaj cyclotron, and their efficiency and radiochemical purity were compared. Labeling conditions (including pH, temperature, time, and compound concentration) were investigated. Quality control was performed by thin-layer chromatography (RTLC). Resulting from the experiments, 30 kGy level and 1% concentration at 45 °C for 30 minutes at pH = 5.5-6 proved to be the best time for labeling rosemary nanoparticles, and the highest radiochemical purity achieved was 95%; radio conjugate also showed good stability after 12 hours.

This study analyzed the phytochemical constituents in the bark and leaves of local Phyllanthus emblica L. Bioactive substances in the ethanol extract using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Analysis of the bark extract revealed abundant phytochemical compounds, including 1,2,3-benzenetriol; cyclohexanone, 5-(1-hydroxy-2-propenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-, (R*, S*) -(±)-; 9-octadecanoic acid (Z)-; trans-traumatic acid; n-hexadecanoic acid; hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester; 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z, Z)-; oleic acid; and 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, dioctyl ester. All compounds were detected between 7.067 and 16.389 minutes. In addition, the leaf extract contained 5-tert-butylpyrogallol; 7-methyl-Z-tetradecen-1-ol acetate; 10-methyl-8-tetradecen-1-ol acetate; n-hexadecanoic acid; hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester; 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z, Z)-; oleic acid; 9-octadecenamide (Z)-; and vitamin E, with detection times ranging from 7.033 to 31.236 minutes. The most common compounds identified were 1,2,3-benzenetriol (34.88%) in the bark and 5-tert-butylpyrogallol (24.39%) in the leaves. These results highlighted the potential of Phyllanthus emblica L. as a source of bioactive compounds, recommending further pharmacological and toxicological studies to explore their therapeutic applications.

In this study, the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of the seed of Trachyspermum ammi (Umbelliferae), growing wild in Sabzevar, Khorasan Razavi province (Iran), were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The yield of total volatiles was 2.3% (w/w). Forty four compounds representing 91.6% of the aerial parts oil were identified. The main components of the oil were Hexadecanoic acid (27.5%), ethyl linoleate (8.5%), 6-methyl-a-ionone (8.0%), isobutyl phthalate (5.8%), a-cadinol (4.7%), germacrene D (4.3%) and δ-cadinene (3.5%). The oil was rich in nonterpenoids (56.0%). The total flavonoid content of different extracts of the plant was found to be in the range 53.2-164.5 mg/g while the maximum amount concern to methanol extract. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was also measured by radical scavenging activity of antioxidants against free radical 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Results showed that IC50 of the extracts of Trachyspermum ammi seed are higher than the standard synthetic antioxidants, BHT, ascorbic acid and gallic acid.

In this study, the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of the seeds of Vitex pseudo-negundo (Verbenaceae), growing wild in Sabzevar, Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran, were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The yield of total volatiles was 0.8% (w/w). Thirty-seven compounds representing 92.4% of the seed oil were identified. The main components of the oil were hexadecanoic acid (8.0%), elemol (7.0%) and a-bisabolol (6.1%). The oil was rich in sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (51.2%). The total flavonoids of different extracts of the plant were found the range 56-195 mg/g, with the maximum amount being in the methanol extract. In addition, the antioxidant activities of the extracts were measured by radical scavenging activity of antioxidants against the free radical 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The antioxidant activities of the extracts of V. pseudo-negundo seed were higher than those of the standard synthetic antioxidants, BHT, ascorbic acid and gallic acid.

Extensive research has been conducted on the antioxidant properties of bamboo seed extract, particularly from the Bamboo (subfamily Bambusoideae) Linn plant. Due to their high antioxidant content, bamboo seeds have garnered interest for their potential health benefits in combating age-related chronic illnesses such as diabetes, cancer, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and cardiovascular disease. The consumption of bamboo-derived products on a daily basis may play a role in reducing the risk of developing these conditions. Antioxidants play a crucial role in the food and pharmaceutical industries, as they help counteract free radicals that can degrade products during processing and storage. The chemical components of the ethanol extract of Bamboo seed variety were analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), identifying twenty-four compounds. These included compounds such as 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, Hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester, and Tetradecanoic acid -12-methyl- methyl ester, which were found in both Bambusa arundinacea and Dentrocalamus strictus. Furthermore, Linoleic acid ethyl ester and Octadecanoic acid were predominant in Bambusa arundinacea, while (E)-9-Octadecenoic acid ethyl ester, n-Hexadecanoicacid, Oleic Acid, and 12-Methyl-E,E-2,13-octadecadien-1-ol were found in Dentrocalamus strictus only. Other phytonutrients were also present in bamboo seed varieties, indicating their potential use in the treatment of various diseases as antioxidants and as a viable rice substitute.

Introduction: Hemophilia is one of the most important coagulation disorders. At the present time the current treatment is factor replacement which may lead to many socio-economic problems and also transmission of some viral infections. In this study we evaluate an alternative treatment to factor replacement to decrease the aforementioned problems. Material and Methods: This was an interventional study and the statistical population included all Hemophilia patients that referred to Besat Hospital. They were randomly divided into two groups: an intervention group of 13 patients and a control group of 15 patients. Tranexamic acid was only used for the intervention group (15 patients). Then the data was assessed by spss win software. Results: In the intervention group bleeding episodes were reduced significantly (from 4.07 episodes per month to 3 episodes per month) and so was the need for factor replacement (from 80.1 u/kg/m to 58.7 u/kg/m). In the control group bleeding episodes and the need for factor replacement did not differ prior to and during the study. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that daily prophylactic use of TEA is effective in reducing bleeding episodes and decreasing the need for factor replacement in hemophilia patients. However, due to increased PTT and decreased serum clotting factors in patients, the risk of life threatening bleeding is likely to be high. Thus we don’t recommend the use of TEA as a prophylactic measure in hemophilia.